Development history of CNC machine tools is not easy to describe. As we know, high-speed machining technology is developing rapidly, and the CNC machine tools promoted this development trend. How to make good use of the performance of CNC lathe and maintain the accuracy of the CNC lathe machine are very important.
The power supply is the energy support part that maintains the normal operation of the system. The direct result of its failure is the system shutdown or the destruction of the entire system. In addition, some operating data, setting data, and processing programs of the numerical control system are generally stored in RAM memory. After the system is powered off, it is maintained by the backup battery or lithium battery of the power supply. Therefore, the downtime is relatively long, and plugging in or out of the power supply or memory may cause data loss and make the system inoperable.
At the same time, because the numerical control equipment uses a three-phase AC 380V power supply, safety is also an important part of the preliminary work of the numerical control equipment installation. Based on the above reasons, the power supply used by the numerical control equipment has the following requirements:
- The voltage fluctuation of the power grid should be controlled between +10%～-15%. However, some area’s power supply fluctuates greatly, the quality is poor, and there are hidden interferences such as high-frequency pulses, plus human factors (such as the sudden opening of the gate). Power failure, etc.). During peak electricity periods, such as about an hour before or after get off work during the day, and at night, there are often more deviations, even up to ±20%， which can make the machine tool alarm and fail to work normally, or damage the machine tool power system. It even leads to the loss of related parameter data. This phenomenon has occurred in CNC machining centers or turning centers and other machine tools, and it occurs frequently and should be paid attention to. It is recommended to configure an AC voltage stabilized power supply system with automatic compensation and adjustment functions in workshops where CNC machine tools are more concentrated; A single CNC machine tool can be configured with an AC voltage stabilizer separately.
- It is recommended to connect mechanical and electrical equipment to a single power source. If development history of CNC machine tools is necessary to use other power sources to supply power to certain parts of electrical equipment (such as electronic circuits, electromagnetic clutches), these power sources should be taken as much as possible from devices that form part of the mechanical electrical equipment (such as transformers, transducers, etc.). For large and complex machinery, including many types of machinery that work together in a coordinated manner and occupy a large space, more than one inductive power source may be required, depending on the configuration of the site power source. Unless the mechanical and electrical equipment is directly connected to the power source with a plug/socket, it is recommended that the power cord be directly connected to the power terminal of the power cut-off switch. If this is not possible, a separate terminal block should be provided for the power cord. The handle of the power cut-off switch should be easily accessible and should be installed between 0.6M and 1.9M above the easy-to-operate position. The upper limit is recommended to be 1.7M. In this way, power can be cut off quickly in an emergency, reducing losses and casualties.
- Numerical control equipment requirements for compressed air supply system. Numerical control machine tools generally use a lot of pneumatic components, so a clean and dry compressed air supply system network should be connected to the workshop. Its flow and pressure should meet the requirements. The compressed air machine should be installed away from the CNC machine tool. According to the layout of the plant and the amount of air consumption, the compressed air supply system network should be considered to install refrigerated air compressors, air filters, air storage tanks, safety valves, and other equipment.
- Numerical control equipment requirements for working environment. Precision numerical control equipment generally has requirements for a constant temperature environment. Only under constant temperature conditions can the accuracy and processing of the machine tool be ensured. Generally, ordinary CNC machine tools have no specific requirements for room temperature, but a lot of practice shows that when the room temperature is too high, the failure rate of the CNC system greatly increases.
- A humid environment will reduce the reliability of CNC machine tools, especially in a humid environment with high acid gas, which will rust the printed circuit boards and connectors, and increase the electrical failure of the machine tool. Therefore, some users in southern China should take measures to dehumidify the environment of CNC machine tools in summer and rainy.
